Structures & Functions of the Upper & Lower Respiratory System
Nasal CavityDescription: Cavity within the nose, divided into right and left halves by nasal septum; has 3 shelflike bones
Function: Filters and conditions; olfaction (sense of smell) EpiglottisDescription: Flap of tissue reinforced with cartilage
Function: Covers the glottis during swallowing BronchiDescription: Two large branches of the trachea reinforced with cartilage
Function: Conduct air from trachea to each lung |
SinusesDescription: Large, air-filled spaces in bones of the face
Function: Lessen the weight of the head; warm and moisten inhaled air LarynxDescription: Cartilaginous, boxlike structure between the pharynx and trachea that contains the vocal cords and the glottis
Function: Allows air but not other materials to pass to the lower respiratory system; source of voice BronchiolesDescription: Narrow passageways leading from bronchi to alveoli
Functions: Conduct air to alveoli; adjust airflow in lungs AlveoliDescription: Microscopic sacs within lungs, bordered by extensive capillary network
Function: Provide immense, internal surface area for gas exchange |
PharynxDescription: Chamber connecting nasal cavities to esophagus and larynx
Function: Common passageway for air, food, and drink TracheaDescription: Tube reinforced with C-shaped rings of cartilage that leads from the larynx to the bronchi
Function: The main airway; conducts air from larynx to bronchi LungsDescription: A pair of elastic structures within the thoracic cavity containing surfaces for gas exchange
Function: Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between blood and air |